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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is one of the most frequent mental health problems which affects more than 40 million people in the United States. A variety of medications are available to treat anxiety.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Unlike benzodiazepines, they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most popular anxiety medication is selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs) comprising citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These drugs also help with depression, and can help relieve symptoms associated with other anxiety disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It can take up to one month for them to start working.

These drugs work by boosting the levels of certain chemical messengers in the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. These are typically the first option to treat anxiety, but doctors can prescribe other forms of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants known as serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They function a bit differently than SSRIs in that they reduce the reabsorption rate of norepinephrine and serotonin, though at lower levels than SSRIs. They may take a few days to start taking effect, and they also are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) such as imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, particularly GAD. Their drowsiness, and other adverse effects make them less popular. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are another type of antidepressant that can be used to treat anxiety. Their high risk of toxicity and the restriction on dietary intake restrict their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used treat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These drugs can trigger tolerance, sedation and addiction as well as withdrawal reactions that include rebound depression, anxiety and even delirium. Benzodiazepines are commonly found in alprazolam, clonazepam, and lorazepam.

Therapy is a crucial component of any treatment for anxiety. It aids you in better understand your symptoms and their causes. Many people discover that both therapy and medication can help to manage anxiety. Certain studies have proven that cognitive behavioral therapy can be just as effective as medications for anxiety. Consult your physician to determine what is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming effect they reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tight. They also reduce symptoms of bodily arousal due to fear (like heart rate, trembling and shaking) and encourage sleep.

They work by binding inhibitory neurons, for example GABA or gamma aminobutryic acid and bind to receptors in the central nervous system. They boost the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effects of GABA on other neurotransmitters, and by reducing the volume of messages sent to the amygdala. It is a part of the brain that is able to detect threats and produces a feeling of fear.

These medications are sometimes used for short periods like an attack of panic or a severe anxiety attack. They can help relieve symptoms in 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines are, in contrast to SSRIs do not stay in the body for a long time. They're fast-acting and usually perform in just a few hours, which makes them ideal for situations when immediate relief is required (like during a flight or before an address in public).

They are addictive, and people are generally only prescribed them for up to four weeks at one time. They also lose effectiveness after a period of time.

One of the main reasons why benzodiazepines are so popular is because they are safe and have few adverse effects when compared to their predecessors like barbiturates and meprobamate. They are efficient and have a rapid onset, and can be used as anxiolytics to reduce anxiety. They can also be used as sedatives, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for negative attitudes towards anxiety that developed during the 1970s and 80s which included the reduction of the disorder, and the belief that benzodiazepine treatment can lead to physical dependence. Despite this they still play an important role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, especially when used in combination with psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other medications and trigger undesirable side effects such as drowsiness and disorientation. It is important to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription or herbal medicines you currently take or are planning to take. Go through the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to find out what medications are safe when taken with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can reduce anxiety and other mental health issues. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd and anxiety treatment), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved several antidepressants to treat other ailments, too, such as eating disorders, some types of pain and bipolar disorder.

SSRIs are typically prescribed as a first-line treatment option for anxiety by doctors, however they might not work for all people. If the antidepressants do not work the doctor might suggest an older version called a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. This includes amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine, trimipramine, dothiepin, doxepin or imipramine. They're less common than newer antidepressants, yet they're still accessible. You can also ask your doctor to prescribe the sedating antidepressant trazodone(Desyrel) in lower doses in case you are having sleep problems or anxiety.

Nefazodone, also known as Ferdinand (Cymbalta) and duloxetine may also be useful. They are also available in generic forms. If they don't help your doctor, he may suggest the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine or the tranquilizing antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat other anxiety disorders. They lower blood pressure and heart rate by blocking adrenaline. These medications are not typically used to treat anxiety on their own however they can be effective when combined with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you overcome negative thoughts and behavior patterns that can cause anxiety. It can help you manage your anxiety and teach you how to cope. Based on the severity of your problem exposure therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy may be recommended. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps you to confront negative and fearful thoughts and overcome your fear of situations that cause anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the intensity of anxiety-inducing situations until can cope with the stressors. This can be done in a single session or in small groups. In both instances, the results will take time to manifest. A combination of medication and psychotherapy therapy is the best option for certain people. Others find that meds alone are enough to manage their symptoms. It's crucial to tell your doctor about the things you're doing to control your symptoms.

Other Medicines

Other drugs can also aid in relieving your symptoms. Beta blockers, antihistamines, and buspirone are all sometimes prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These medications correct an imbalance in your brain chemicals and can help alleviate symptoms by reducing or blocking the signals that can cause stress and fear. They're not a cure-all. You'll still have to do other things to manage your anxiety, like physical exercise as well as relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

Your doctor may initially prescribe one of the "first choice" anxiety medications, which include SSRIs and SNRIs. According to research, these medications are the most effective for treating anxiety disorders. The most commonly used SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft) and the fluoxetine (Prozac) and Citropram (Celexa), and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications may have mild side effects, like insomnia or nausea, but they usually subside within 4-8 weeks. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive and won't increase your risk for suicidal ideas.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax) as well as Clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief for panic attacks and anxiety, but they can have side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness and coordination issues, as well as dependence. These drugs are less popular than older barbiturates but are equally effective.

Antihistamines such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were originally developed to relieve allergies. However they also serve to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine receptors in the brain and can cause an energizing effect. It is not a controlled drug, so it does not carry the same risk of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that can help with anxiety is a class called anticonvulsants. They have been shown to ease anxiety by inhibiting the release and production of serotonin and dopamine. They may be prescribed in combination with other drugs or as a temporary Ketamine treatment for anxiety for anxiety. Your doctor will assess your health history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are right for you. They will discuss the length of time you should take these medicines and any potential negative side effects that might occur. Anxiety medications can only be purchased on prescription, which means you'll need to see an astrologer to obtain them.