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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee enthusiast you're likely to know that different types of beans can produce different flavors. Find out more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a variety of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter flavor, and are often added to coffee blends to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the world's most popular coffee with 75% of all global coffee beans produced. Arabica beans have a milder and sweeter flavor than Robusta and come in a variety of flavor profiles. The flavor and aroma of coffee are affected by the conditions under which it is grown and the processing methods used.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word meaning the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that develop inside bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats became energy-rich after eating these fruits, and the cultivation of coffee quickly was a global phenomenon.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes, and they are in a position to thrive in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is why Arabica coffee is believed to be the most delicious kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on ethically sourced arabica decaf beans coffee, focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique coffees that can be used in various brewing methods. Blending can control the aroma, flavor, body and acidity of coffee. It is often used to create a consistent and balanced taste that appeals a wide market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean grown across the globe. They contain more caffeine per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also have higher levels of chlorogenic acids that are antioxidants naturally found in. However, these acids can cause oxidation in the coffee brewing process and could result in unpleasant flavors.

The plant itself is more resilient than arabica, and can grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and is growing faster than arabica. This makes it a efficient crop to grow.

Although it might appear counterintuitive it's true that Robusta beans are often blended with arabica beans to create coffee blends. If you see the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya on a bag of coffee then it's likely that there's some robusta in there too.

While some roasters use exclusively arabica beans, the majority of roasters use mix the two varieties in order to cut costs and ensure the quality. To ensure the quality of the flavor, it's important to select a high-quality bean from a source you are confident in. This can be accomplished by purchasing your beans directly from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped which distinguishes them from other coffee bean varieties. They have a distinctive scent that is fruity and floral with the smoky notes. They are paired with other types of coffee beans to give them a richer, more robust taste.

Liberica premium coffee beans beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are adaptable to humid, hot climates and are able to grow at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal to grow at home. You can find the seeds on the internet from several sources, however it's preferred to purchase them from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The best growing conditions for Liberica amazon coffee beans plants are fertile deep volcanic soils that have a moderately acidic pH and sufficient annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different type of coffee bean. It was originally classified as a separate species, but it has since been reclassified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are oval-shaped and are grown on large coffee plants that range from 20-30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. Their unique taste is both sweet and tart, making them a popular choice for blends in the home. They have a milder aroma and higher caffeine levels than Arabica or Robusta but still have a distinct flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as common as Arabica and Robusta despite being the fourth most popular. In fact they were considered to be an individual species of coffee plant until 2006 when they were reclassified to an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. Currently, they're cultivated primarily in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's Coffee Beans Types production. These coffee beans have the shape of a teardrop and possess a dark, mysterious taste. They are often blended to give extra body and a delicious, tart, ripened fruit taste.

Arabica beans are the most well-known, and are renowned for their a sweeter taste. They thrive in warm, tropical climates as well as at higher altitudes. They have a slight acidity. If brewed correctly and roast they may have notes of chocolate, nuts, or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most popular coffee worldwide, and accounts for about 40% of all coffee consumed worldwide. These beans are smaller and more round however, they contain twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They are also more bitter than the other two varieties and have an earthy, woody flavor.

After having learned about the four most popular types and their characteristics, it's time to select the best brew. If you prefer a smooth and delicate flavor go for an arabica bean, or a blend consisting of robusta and arabica beans.